What kind of mapping does the Tainiguchi technique employ?

The Tainiguchi technique primarily employs direct cortical mapping, which involves stimulating specific areas of the brain's cortex during surgical procedures to identify critical functional regions. This technique is particularly useful in neurosurgery, where precision is essential to avoid damaging areas responsible for essential functions such as movement, sensation, and speech.

Direct cortical mapping allows surgeons to interact with the brain's surface and observe the resulting effects in real time, providing immediate feedback on the function of specific cortical areas. This method enhances surgical outcomes by helping to preserve vital brain functions while effectively removing abnormal tissue or addressing specific neurological conditions.

Other mapping techniques, such as functional MRI and electrocorticography, have distinct uses and methodologies that do not focus on direct stimulation during surgery. Functional MRI uses blood flow to infer brain activity but does not offer real-time interaction, while electrocorticography involves recording electrical activity from the brain's surface but is not primarily used for direct mapping in the way the Tainiguchi technique does. Transcranial magnetic mapping involves non-invasive stimulation of the brain through the skull but lacks the precision and targeted approach that direct cortical mapping offers during surgeries.