What is the primary function of energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) in MEP systems?

Energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) play a crucial role in mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems by enhancing indoor air quality and energy efficiency. The primary function of ERVs is to exchange stale indoor air with fresh outdoor air while minimizing energy loss. They achieve this by transferring heat and moisture between the outgoing and incoming air streams, allowing for the reduction of the energy required to heat or cool the incoming air.

When outdoor air is brought into a building, ERVs help maintain the desired temperature and humidity levels indoors, leading to substantial energy savings compared to traditional ventilation methods that do not account for the energy removed or added during air exchange. This process is particularly beneficial in climates with extreme temperatures, as it helps to temper incoming air, thus easing the load on heating and cooling systems.

The other options focus on different functions not primarily associated with ERVs. While air filtering, heating, and air distribution are important in a comprehensive HVAC system, ERVs specifically target the energy-efficient exchange of indoor and outdoor air. By understanding the fundamental role of ERVs, one can appreciate how they contribute to a building's overall energy performance and comfort.